Monday, October 27, 2025

Stephen Krupin talks with Dan Heath about what it’s like to be a speechwriter


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a brief article at BENNETTink titled Friday Flashback – an Obama speechwriter speaks with an example from a Memorial Day speech. It was written by Stephen Krupin.    

 

And there is a 33-min interview (and a transcript) with Dan Heath at BEHAVIORAL scientist on September 10, 2025 titled What It’s Like to Be…a Speechwriter. There is more about Josh Wheeler in that Memorial Day speech at 13:05. And at 27:40 he mentions using text-to-speech software to check whether the spoken words sound right.

 

My cartoon was adapted from this one at OpenClipArt.

 

Saturday, October 25, 2025

An intriguing book by Ross Gay with 14 essays about inciting joy


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Because the title for this blog begins with Joyful, I sometimes look up book or articles about the topics of joy and delight. There is an intriguing book from 2022 written by Ross Gay titled Inciting Joy: Essays. Google Books has a preview of just the first two essays. The first essay ends:

 

“Now that we’ve defined joy, and concluded it is important, there are two guiding inquiries in this book. First, I mean to investigate what practices, habits, rituals, understandings -you know, the stuff we do and think and believe – make joy more available to us. What in our lives prepares the ground for joy. I mean to try to find out, in other words, what incites joy. And second, I intend to wonder what the feeling of joy makes us do, or how it makes us be. I will wonder how joy makes us act and feel. That’s to say, I wonder what joy incites.

 

Per the first question – what incites joy? This book is a profoundly incomplete effort, and though I talk about pickup basketball and skateboarding and school and time and gardening and Luther Vandross’s cover of the Dionne Warwick hit ‘A House is Not a Home,’ I thought about but didn’t have time to dig all the way into joy and architecture, or joy and sex, or joy and the amateur, or joy and play or memory or foraging or parenting or libraries, etc. I offer them to you.

 

Per the second question – what does joy incite? – I should say, I have a hunch, and that’s why I think this discussion of joy is so important. My hunch is that joy is an ember for or precursor to wild and unpredictable and transgressive and unbounded solidarity. And that that solidarity might incite further joy. Which might incite further solidarity. And on and on. My hunch is that joy, emerging from our common sorrow – which does not necessarily mean we have the same sorrows, but that we, in common, sorrow – might draw us together. It might depolarize us and de-atomize us enough that we can consider what, in common, we love. And though attending to what we hate in common is too often all the rage (and it happens also to be very big business), noticing what we love in common, and studying that, might help us survive. It’s why I think of joy, which gets us to love, as being a practice of survival.

 

And it’s why I’ve written this book.”

 

 Titles for his essays and their starting page numbers are:

 

The First Incitement [1]

 

Through My Tears I Saw

(Death: The Second Incitement) [11]

 

We Kin

(The Garden: The Third Incitement) [28]

 

Out of Time

(Time: The Fourth Incitement) [43]

 

Share Yor Bucket!

(Skateboarding: The Fifth Incitement) [57]

 

Baby, This Might Be You.

(Laughter: The Sixth Incitement) [66]

 

(Dis)alienation Machinery

(Losing Your Phone: The Seventh Incitement) [82]

 

Free Fruit for All!

(The Orchard: The Eighth Incitement) [94]

 

Insurgent Hoop

(Pickup Basketball: The Ninth Incitement) [112]

 

How Big the Boat

(The Cover: The Tenth Incitement) [137]

 

Went Free

(Dancing: The Twelfth Incitement) [171]

 

Grief Suite

(Falling Apart: The Thirteenth Incitement [176]

 

Oh, My Heart

(Gratitude: The Fourteenth Incitement) [230]

 

There is a 19-minute interview (and transcript) by Brittany Luse at NPR It’s Been a Minute on February 21, 2023 titled Ross Gay on inciting joy while dining with sorrow.

 

My cartoon was adapted from this one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

Friday, October 24, 2025

An article about key findings from the 11th Chapman Survey of American Fears for 2025 has stumbling student graphics with significant errors


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On October 23, 2025 I blogged about how In the eleventh Chapman Survey of American Fears for 2025, public speaking only was ranked #46 of 67 fears at 33.7%. Those results from the 2025 survey first were reported in a news release by Robert Hitchcock on October 21 mistitled What Americans Fear Most in 2025: Chapman University’s Annual Survey Reveals Top Fears and the Psychology Behind Them. And their detailed results are in a methods report pdf file.

 

There also is an 8-page pdf article titled Chapman University Survey of American Fears 2025 Key Findings. It includes five graphics that were prepared by students. The first one, by Madeline Southern, titled TOP 10 FEARS 2025 is correct.

 

But the other four are not. The third graphic, also by Madeline Southern, is a chart titled FEAR OF DRINKING WATER POLLUTION AND POLLUTION OF OCEANS, RIVERS, AND LAKES. It plots those two fears for years ranging from 2017 to 2025. 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

But that chart has four incorrect entries for those two fears because, as shown above in a pair of tables, it claims to include results for 2020. Actually there was no survey done in 2020 – just one identified as 2020/21. Those four entries are offset from where they belong.    

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The fifth graphic is a bar chart by Yasmine Hourie, which is titled FEAR OF MURDER AND PROPERTY CRIME. What she calls Property Crime in the 2021 to 2025 surveys is identified as Theft of Property. As shown above in a table, four of five entries are correct but the one for 2022 says 30.0% when the detailed results say 34.5%.   

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And, the bar chart for Murder is completely incorrect because it lists just one item while the detailed results show both Murder by a Stranger and (somewhat lower) Murder by Someone You Know. I show those results above in a table. Her Murder result also does not match the average for by a Stranger and by Someone You Know.

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The second graphic is a pie chart by Emma Boyd titled OPINIONS OF HOMELESSNESS POLICY and has a caption claiming it presents results for % Strongly Agree or Agree. But, as is shown above via a table, none of those percentages are correct. They instead were rescaled to add up to a hundred percent.

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The fourth graphic, by Gabriella Bartsch, is a bar chart titled CONSPIRACY BELIEFS IN AMERICA which claims to show percentages for seven items at the level Strongly Agree or Agree. But, as is shown above in my replot, all of her numbers are smaller by an average of 3.6% than those in the detailed results (and curiously are shown with two decimal places rather than one).  

 

Chapman University obviously stumbled when preparing this article. No one bothered to carefully edit these graphics and remove the errors.

 

The cartoon was adapted from one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

Thursday, October 23, 2025

In the eleventh Chapman Survey of American Fears for 2025, public speaking only was ranked #46 of 67 fears at 33.7%




 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Results from the 2025 Chapman Survey of American Fears were first reported in a news release by Robert Hitchcock on October 21 mistitled What Americans Fear Most in 2025: Chapman University’s Annual Survey Reveals Top Fears and the Psychology Behind Them. Detailed results are in a 101-page methods report pdf file. They really discussed what most people fear rather than the completely different question of what people fear most.

 

They surveyed a random sample of 1,015 adults for a margin of error of 3.6%. The survey was done by SSRS between March 24 and April 8, 2025. For each of 67 fears, people were asked about four levels: Very Afraid, Afraid, Slightly Afraid, or Not Afraid. For 27 fears there also was a negligibly small Web Blank (Don’t know), at 0.1% for 22 of them, 0.2% for 4 of them, and 0.3% for one of them.   

 

And there is a two-page article titled The Chapman Survey of American Fears, Wave 11: The Complete List of Fears 2025. As usual, they ranked fears via the sum of the percentages for Very Afraid and Afraid. The top five were Corrupt Government Officials at 69.1%, People I love Becoming Seriously Ill at 58.9%, Economic/Financial Collapse at 58.2%, Cyber-Terrorism at 55.9% and a tie between People I Love Dying and the U.S. Becoming Involved in Another World War at 55.3%. Public speaking was only ranked #46 at 33.7% - slightly more than a third.

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

  

When I compared the Complete List of Fears with the methods report, I was surprised to find four fears that had yet another survey answer listed – Does not apply to me. Percentages for that one are shown above in a table. Note that in one case (Question 10B ranked #31 - Not Being Able to Pay Off College Debt of Myself or a Family Member) more than half (51.5%) gave that answer. In the table I listed how the answers for those four fears had been rescaled (fiddled with) to ignore ‘does not apply to me’ – and for that extreme case the fear went up from 19.4% to 43.1%. I was appalled to find rescaling had been done without any mention in the articles. But the first 25 fears on the list were not affected by the rescaling.

 

Another way to discuss fears is to put them on a scale from 1 to 4 where 1 = Not Afraid, 2 = Slightly Afraid, 3 = Afraid, and 4 = Very Afraid. The Fear Score for Corrupt Government Officials is 2.989 or almost exactly Afraid, while for Public Speaking it is 2.175 (a bit more than Slightly Afraid). On November 9, 2024 I blogged about Overblown claims about fears from investigators for the 2024 Chapman Survey of American Fears, and showed all the previous Fear Scores for Public Speaking, which are:

 

2014     1.920

2015     1.956

2016     1.933

2017     1.909

2018     1.947

2019     2.081

2020/1  2.023

2022     2.172

2023     2.041

2024     2.067

2025     2.175

 

My cartoon was adapted from this one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

Wednesday, October 22, 2025

Writing as bushwhacking


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In the Merriam-Webster dictionary the second meanings for bushwhack are:

 

 “to travel by foot through uncleared terrain; to clear a path or advance through thick woods especially by chopping down bushes and low branches”

 

There is an intriguing 2023 book by Jennifer McGaha titled Bushwhacking: How to Get Lost in the Woods and Write Your Way Out. There is a preview of the first 41 pages at Google Books.

 

Her chapter titles and their starting page numbers are:

Why We Write: Searching for Beauty [1]

The Thrill of Discovery: Writing Your Way into Knowing [12]

In the Weeds: Discovering Courage on the Page [27]

Coming in Hot: Zipping out of Your Comfort Zone [40]

Back in the Saddle: Cultivating Resilience [50]

Echoes in the Mountains: Honoring the Voices Within [67]

Rallying Your People (or Your Canines): Creating a Writing Community [76]

A Lighter Load: Unpacking the Writing Life [92]

Lost in the Woods: Writing Your Way Home [101]

Bushwhacking: Digging for Deeper Truths [118]

Finding Your Stride: Toning Your Writing Muscles [127]

Running Uphill: Surviving the Tough Climbs [136]

You Can Do Anything for a Mile: Channeling Your Inner Stallion [154]

The Beauty of the Question: Embracing the Wilderness Within [168]

Questions for Further Exploration [187]

Bibliography [190]

Acknowledgements [191]

 

At the end she has a list of nine long, deep questions, each of which could make a speech topic:

  

Questions for Further Exploration


1] Discuss your relationship with fear. When do your fears serve you well, and when do they get in your way? What is your greatest fear? Where does it come from? What strategies do you have for keeping it at bay? What does it feel like in your body? When/where/how does it overwhelm you? Now, imagine for a moment that you weren’t afraid. How might your life be different? How might you be different?

 

2] Discuss the nature of truth as you see it. Are there different degrees of honesty, and, if so, what are the gray areas? What makes a story true or untrue? Can a memoir contain both lies and deeper truths? In what ways?

 

3] What is the most daring thing you have ever done as an adult? Why did you do it? What did you learn about yourself? In what ways have you carried that knowledge with you since? 

 

4] Discuss your relationship with physical strength/stamina. When in your life have you felt strongest? When have you felt most vulnerable? Why and how were you shaped by these experiences?

 

5] Discuss the role of imagination in your life. What did you dream (literally or metaphorically) when you were a young child? What is the most imaginative thing you have done in your waking life as an adult? What other things do you dream about doing? What, if anything, is holding you back? 

 

6] Describe a moment in your life when you were lost (again, literally or metaphorically). Where were you? Who was with you? How did you come to be lost? How did you come to be found? And what did you learn along the way?

 

7] Make a list of questions you have about any topic. These can be ridiculous or serious. They can focus on one area, or they can be wide-ranging. The only requirement is that you cannot currently know the answers Try to get ten or twenty questions. When you are finished, trade questions with someone you know. Now, take their list of questions and see what new questions arise for you from those. In other words, what questions do you have about their questions? You can do this on and on, in an endless game of round-robin with questions.

8]  Do you agree with Brian Doyle’s assertion that, no matter how hard we try to communicate effectively, we invariably fail in our attempts to express the depth and breadth of our emotions and experiences? Why or why not? How might acknowledging the inherent shortcomings of language change both our relationships with others and what we bring to the page. 

9]  Drawing inspiration from Ross Gay, vow to spend every day for the next week noticing things that delight you. Each day, make a note of one simple thing – a box turtle in your flower bed, a blackberry patch you came upon while hiking, a new song you discovered, a phone call with an old friend, a batch of freezer jam you made that turned out especially well. Freewrite about this for no more than one page. The point here is to capture the mood and the tone, the essence of delight. Do not attempt to make a cohesive story. Do not use a thesaurus or run a grammar check. Do not go back and edit old entries. This is not a stepping stone to anything else. Think of each entry, each delight, as whole and complete, as worthy in and of itself. The goal here is not a polished final product. The value is in the practice, the practice of noticing, of cultivating and expressing gratitude for all those quietly astounding moments that fill your life with meaning. At the end of the week, share your responses with at least one other person. Notice how your delights multiply when you share them.”

 

On October 18, 2025 I blogged about 15 excellent Table Topics questions from the end of a 2024 book by Jennifer McGaha titled The Joy Document.

 

An image where you might need to take your machete was adapted from Wikimedia Commons.

 

 

Monday, October 20, 2025

Gem paper clips have been around for a century and a quarter


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

How did we fasten sheets of paper together before there were easy-to-use paper clips? We took a straight pin, poked a hole through them, arched the papers, and poked a second hole, as shown above. When handling those joined papers, you could easily puncture your skin with the pin point.    

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

That changed after about 1900 when the Gem paper clip (five of which are shown above) appeared. There is a 1992 book by Henry Petroski titled The Evolution of Useful Things: How everyday artifacts – from forks and pins to paper clips and zippers – came to be as they are. A Gem clip even is shown on the book cover. (There also is an archived free e-book). His Chapter 4, starting on page 46 is titled From Pins to Paper Clips. On page 69 he says:

 

“The Gem paper clip seems to have had its real origin in Great Britain, and the name is said by one international firm to have been ‘derived from the original parent company, Gem Limited.’ This is supported by the Army and Navy Co-operative society’s 1907 catalogue of the ‘very best English goods,’ which pictures only one style of modern paper clip – a perfectly proportioned Gem, which is described as the ‘slide on’ paper clip that ‘will hold securely your letters, documents or memoranda without perforation or mutilation until you wish to release them,’ As early as 1908, the clip was being advertised in America as the ‘most popular clip’ and ‘the only satisfactory device for temporary attachment of papers. The ad copy went on to warn paper clip users against the use of other existing devices, whose shortcomings the Gem naturally did not share. ‘Don’t mutilate your papers with pins or fasteners.’

 

Even though the Gem itself never seems to have been patented in its classic form, nor to have been so perfectly functioning a paper clip that inventors did not try to improve upon it, it does appear to have long ago won the hearts and minds of designers and critics as the epitome of possible solutions to the design problems of fastening papers together….”

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A figure caption on page 69 says:

 

“Although the 1899 patent [636,272 and shown above] issued to William Middlebrook of Waterbury, Connecticut was for a machine for making wire clips rather than for the clip design itself, Middlebrook’s drawings showed clearly (especially in his Fig. 8) that what came to be known as a Gem was being formed. This style of paper clip, which seems never to have been explicitly patented, came to be the standard to be improved upon. While functionally deficient as myriad other styles, its aesthetic qualities appear to have raised it to the status of artifactual icon.  

 

Sunday, October 19, 2025

Brian Jenner discusses the state of speechwriting


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is an interesting blog post by Brian Jenner at The Speechwriter on October 14, 2025 titled The State of Speechwriting. He says that what we need is:

 

“public meetings

  choices

  a concept of society

  emotion

  borders

  to see both sides

  a vision of the future”

 

On December 20, 2023 I blogged about Getting better at speechwriting by learning from professsional organizations. In that post I described how Brian had started both the U. K. Speechwriters Guild and the European Speechwriter Network.

 

The cartoon was adapted from one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

Saturday, October 18, 2025

15 excellent Table Topics questions from the end of a 2024 book by Jennifer McGaha titled The Joy Document

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table Topics is an impromptu speaking section in a Toastmasters club meeting. Members (and perhaps guests) are asked a question and then answer it via a one-to-two minute off-the-cuff speech.    

 

I have been skimming through a 198-page book from 2024 by Jennifer McGaha titled The Joy Document: Creating a Midlife of Surprise and Delight. There is a Google Books preview ending on page 13. At the end, on pages 195 and 196, there is a section titled Guiding Questions: Creating Your Own Joy Document. These are writing prompts or Table Topics questions. The second paragraph begins:

 

"….Finding joy is a lot like that – a waiting game. A watching game. A smidgeon-of-this-and-a-sprinkling-of-that game. Still, you have to start somewhere, so below are some questions designed to help you begin your own Joy Document. Of course, this is not an exhaustive list of questions to consider, but perhaps these can serve as starting points. And who knows? You may begin with something small, a song you love, a saying you find intriguing, an awkward interaction with a man on a trail or at a produce stand or along a canal, and one joyful moment will inspire another and another until you have a whole Joy Dissertation, a Joy Treatise, a Joy Manifesto, a Joy Declaration.

 

Feast for a moment on that.

 

  1] What song(s) do you associate with pivotal times in your life, and why?

 

  2] Think about a favorite family recipe. Whom do you associate with the recipe? What events? What feelings? When do you make this food? Have you changed the recipe at all from the original? Why or why not?

 

  3] When in your life has a surprise risen to the level of a surprisement?

 

  4] Consider a time when an encounter with someone else caused you to think more deeply about a social/cultural/political issue that matters to you.

 

  5] Discuss a strange/awkward/unexpected interaction with a stranger that led you to consider something in a new way.

 

  6] In what way have your beliefs served as a source of joy/comfort for you?

 

  7] Point to a moment when something you once deeply believed changed irrevocably.

 

  8] How have your interactions with animals and/or the natural world shaped what you believe?

 

  9] Discuss a time when you learned something you didn’t know you needed to learn.

 

10] Discuss a time when you said literally or in spirit) ‘fuck it’ to something, when you let go of something that was interfering with your happiness.

 

11] Discuss a time when you took a chance you’re now glad you took.

 

12] What are some stories you have told yourself about your life that might not be fully true? How might revising those stories change you?

 

13] If you considered your body a sacred space, how might that change how you move in the world?

 

14] What big questions seem most pressing to you in this season of your life? What is it you most want to know?

 

15] In what way might wondering (the verb – i.e., wanting to know something) lead to wonder (the noun – i.e., a sense of awe)?"

 

If you are wondering what a surprisement is (Question 3), that is explained in the first paragraph of the 21st essay, Suprisement, beginning on page 77:

 

 “One evening, READING a student essay, I came across the phrase ‘much to my surprisement,’ which naturally surprised me, what with grammar-check and spell-check and all, but the more I thought about it, the more I came to appreciate the writer’s intent. After all, surprise is akin to amaze and astonish and bewilder and excite and wonder, all which could be amended with ‘ment’ to indicate not just a transitory sensation or static thing but a whole state of being. Why should surprise be any different? The more I considered it, the more sense it made, and the more sense it made, the more shortsighted my blue-inked circle around the word appeared.”

 

The cartoon was adapted from one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

Thursday, October 16, 2025

10 simple rules for how to win a Nobel Prize

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recently winners for the 2025 Nobel Prizes were announced. On September 7, 2025 I had blogged about Ten simple rules for improving communication among scientists, and on September 12, 2025 I blogged about Ten simple rules for attending your first scientific conference. I wondered if there was a similar article in that series about the Nobel Prize. There indeed is. That article by Richard J. Roberts in PLoS Computational Biology on April 2, 2015 is titled Ten Simple Rules to Win a Nobel Prize. His rules are to:

 

  1] Never start your career by aiming for a Nobel Prize.

 

  2] Hope that your experiments fail occasionally.

 

  3] Collaborate with other scientists, but never more than two other people.

 

  4] To increase your odds of winning, be sure to pick your family carefully.

 

  5] Work in the laboratory of a previous Nobel Prize winner.

 

  6] Even better than Rule 5, try to work in the laboratory of a future Nobel Prize winner.

 

  7] Always design and execute your best experiments at a time when your luck is running high.

 

  8] Never plan your life around winning a Nobel Prize.

 

  9] Always be nice to Swedish scientists.

 

 10] Study biology.

 

An image was adapted from one at Wikimedia Commons.

 

 

Tuesday, October 14, 2025

The Art of Eastern Storytelling


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At the public library I found an interesting little 2025 book by Henry Lien titled Spring, Summer, Asteroid, Bird: The Art of Eastern Storytelling. There is a Google Books preview of the first 15 pages. He says although we may be used to seeing the usual:

 

WESTERN STORY STRUCTURE

 

Act One – Setup

Act Two – Confrontation

Act Three – Resolution

 

there also is a different:

 

EAST ASIAN FOUR ACT STRUCTURE

 

Act One – The Introduction of the Main Elements

Act Two – The Development of the Main Elements

Act Three – The Twist/New Element

Act Four – The Harmonizing of All Elements

 

and there also are Circular/Nested Structures. 

 

Sections and Chapters in his book are (with examples in italics):

 

OPENING BOWS

Diversity = Forms, Not just Faces  3

A Game of Lenses  4

Disclaimers and Definitions  7

Hamilton and Different Levels of Diversity  8

Cultural Appropriation  9

‘Spring, Summer, Asteroid, Bird’  11

 

ACT ONE – The East Asian Four-Act Story Structure

Western Story Structures  17

East Asian Four-Act Structure  21

‘The Daughters of Itoya’  25

Parasite  29

Nintendo (Mario and Zelda Games)  39

Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World  46

Your Name  53

Four-Act Structure in Western Stories  61

 

ACT TWO – Circular/Nested Story Structures

Circular/Nested Structures  69

The Story of the Stone  72

Rashomon  75

The Merchant and the Alchemist’s Gate  81

Everything Everywhere All at Once  88

Metroid Games  94

Circular/Nested Structures in Western Stories  97

 

ACT THREE – People Aren’t People

Introduction – ‘Shakespeare in the Bush’  103

Cultural Arrogance  105

Individualism versus Collectivism  107

Surface Diversity  113

The Opposite of Surface Diversity  115

 

ACT FOUR – Values Dictate Structures

Values Dictate Structures  123

Values Dictating Four-Act Structure  125

My Neighbor Totoro  127

Values Dictating Circular/Nested Structures  134

Hero  139

The Thousand and One Nights  147

 

CLOSING BOWS

 

He has an article at NextBigIdeaClub on March 5, 2025 titled

What Western Creatives Can Learn from Eastern Storytelling.

 

There is also a post at the reedsy blog on November 22, 2023 titled Story Structure: 7 Types All Writers Should Know.

 

An 1842 painting by Marie-Éléonore Godefroid of the Thousand and One Nights came from Wikimedia Commons.  

 

Sunday, October 12, 2025

Use ugly sketches to give a great presentation


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is an interesting 11-minute TEDx talk by Martin J. Eppler recorded on May 18, 2024 at TEDxDonauinsel and posted on December 31, 2024 titled Want to Give a Great Presentation? Use Ugly Sketches | Martin J. Eppler | TED. He said to:

 

Use provisional, unpolished images

Apply fitting visual metaphors [simple and concrete]

Vary your visuals

 

At 7:20 he has a monochrome cartoon image with visual metaphors (and captions at the right). My color PowerPoint version (with captions at the left) is shown above.

 

Martin also has a 32-page e-book from 2022 titled An Introduction to Visual Variation for Better Leading, Learning, and Living.

 

My PowerPoint slide used cartoon images of a bridge and car from OpenClipArt.  

 

Saturday, October 11, 2025

What experts know that you don’t


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a useful ten-minute YouTube video by Jim Cathcart on May 4, 2025 titled What Top 1% Experts Know That You Don’t. He shows a sketchy flipchart with Do (Doing) on the horizontal axis and Know (Knowing) on the vertical axis. And he mentions both can either be low or high.

 

We can divide things into a 2x2 table, which I have redrawn as a slick color version using PowerPoint, as is shown above. If both what you Know and what you Do is low, then you just are a Passenger (someone sitting in the back of the airplane). If what you Know is high but what you Do is low, then you are a Critic. If what you Know is low and what you Do is high, then now you are a Competitor. Finally, if both what you Know and what you Do is high, then you are a Leader (an Expert).

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Furthermore, as shown above, there are six levels of expertise (in increasing order):

 

Competent

Excellent

Expert

Leading Authority

Celebrity

Star

 

 

Friday, October 10, 2025

Is nobody afraid of public speaking?


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On August 31, 2025 I blogged about a dogmatic claim that everyone fears public speaking in a contrary post titled Not everyone fears public speaking. The opposite and equally silly claim has turned up in a five-minute YouTube video by Jim Cathcart on October 8, 2025 titled Nobody Is Afraid Of Public Speaking. He mentioned:

 

“It’s widely known that public speaking is the greatest fear in the world. That comes from a study that was done in the 1980s or 1990s and it ranked public speaking as the number one fear but it was a limited study and it said that public speaking was feared more than death itself. But that’s not a scientific fact. That has not been statistically validated.

 

But the point that I’m making is that those people who say that they’re afraid of public speaking are not afraid of public speaking. They’re just not. They’re afraid of being judged. Right?”

 

Back on May 19, 2011 I blogged about America’s Number One Fear: Public Speaking – that 1993 Bruskin-Goldring Survey. Jim didn’t mention any survey showing no one feared public speaking.

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lots of people have no problem with being judged: they participate in speech contests, like the series with 30,000 people held by Toastmasters International starting at clubs and leading all the way up from Area, to Division, to District, to Region, and their World Championship. Page 30 of the March 2001 Toastmaster magazine describes that Mr. Cathcart would receive the Golden Gavel award from Toastmasters in August 2001.  

 

Silhouettes of a podium and a judge both were adapted from OpenClipArt.