There is a useful 2025 book by Elliott Kalan titled Joke
Farming: How to Write Comedy and Other Nonsense. Google Books has a preview with
the first 35 pages. Among other things, Elliot was head writer for The Daily
Show with Jon Stewart.
Starting on page 19 he summarizes his eight steps of voice,
point, premise, structure, twist, tone, wording, and audience:
“Here is my process, as simply as I can state it:
1] Identify the absurdity I’ve recognized in a subject: the
seed of what’s funny about it. Then consider how this absurdity would be viewed
from the perspective and frame of reference of the comedic voice for
which I’m writing.
2] State that absurdity in plain language in order to clarify
the purpose of the joke: in other words, the point I hope the audience
will take away from it.
3] Select a humorous way to communicate that purpose: the
conceptual premise that will lead the audience toward seeing the point.
4] Apply a concrete structure to that premise in a first
draft. Joke structures tap into familiar patterns that help to bring out the
humor of the premise.
5] Think ‘oppositely’ to find a twist in the structure
that yields another, even funnier layer to the joke. (I know, I know …
structure gets two points in the process. It’s that important, though it only
gets one chapter to itself.)
6] Finesse the joke’s tone, making sure its emotional
attitude gives the audience the proper cues for how to feel about it.
7] Put a final polish on the wording with an eye toward
brevity, clarity, and specificity, as well as capturing the voice of whoever is
telling the joke.
8] Deliver the joke for an audience that laughs so hard
you become instantly rich and famous. (Results may vary.)”
In his Conclusion on page 775 Elliott reiterates via
questions:
“Structure: What part of this joke is meant to be
funny?
Premise: What is this joke saying? How is it
communicating that?
Voice: Who is telling this joke? Where do they come
from? What do they think?
Tone: How does the joke feel? How sincerely does it
mean what it’s saying?
Wording: What’s the best way to use the format tools
at your disposal to make your joke as clear and funny as possible?
Audience: Who is the joke being told to, and how do they
feel about it?”
And then he continues:
“Those elements are best utilized to answer those questions
by following three basic principles:
Brevity: Your joke should take as little time,
verbiage, or imagery as possible to be told.
Clarity: Your joke should be clearly understandable
to your audience, and the first step toward that is making it clearly
understandable to yourself.
Specificity: Your joke gets closer to universality the
farther it gets from generality.”
You can listen to a 34-minutes interview with Jesse Thorn at
npr Bullseye on January 30, 2026 titled Writer and Daily Show alum Elliot
Kalan on the secret to writing great jokes.
The farming cartoon was adapted from this one at
OpenClipArt.