Your Best Meeting Ever is a very useful 2026 book by Rebecca Hinds

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

There is a very useful 2026 book by Rebecca Hinds titled Your Best Meeting Ever: 7 Principles for designing meetings that get things done. Google Books has a  preview through page 27. An article by Roger Dean Duncan at Forbes on February 3, 2026 titled Stop Wasting Time: The Science of Meetings That Work discusses that book. He says:

 

“Hinds focuses on seven core principles that challenge many deeply held assumptions about meetings: treating meetings as a last resort rather than a default, measuring return on time invested, designing meetings around decision-making and complexity, keeping participation intentionally small, actively designing for engagement, protecting cognitive energy, and ensuring rigorous follow-through. Together, they form a blueprint for meetings that respect time, attention, and outcomes.”

 

There also is another article by Brandon Laws at xenium on February 3, 2026 titled Designing Meetings That Actually Get Work Done accompanied by a 36-minutes podcast at Xenium HR on February 3, 2026 titled Designing Meetings That Actually Get Work Done with Rebecca Hinds.

 

At the end of her book, starting on page 228, Rebecca summarizes THE SIMPLE MEETING DESIGN USER MANUAL as follows:

 

“Meetings are your most important product. Design them as if they are.

 

Principle 1

Volume: Cut Your Meeting Debt

 

Meetings pile up like technical debt – quietly draining time, energy, and sanity. Use these five steps to wipe out your meeting debt:

 

STEP 1: LAUNCH A CALENDAR CLEANSE. Delete your recurring meetings for forty-eight hours and rebuild your calendar from the ground up.

 

STEP 2: EQUIP EMPLOYEES TO DEFEND THEIR TOME. Give your team the tools – and permission – to say no to meetings.

 

STEP 3: BUILD A MEETING DEBT DEPOSITORY. Create a place where employees can flag bloated or broken meetings. And make sure leaders act on it.

 

STEP 4: ADD GUARDRAILS TO PREVENT MEETING DEBT. Use spped bumps, gatekeepers, and blocks to stop bad meetings before they hit the calendar.

 

STEP 5: COMMIT TO REGULAR MAINTENANCE. Hold recurring Meeting Doomsdays – and reward the people who don’t let the clutter creep back in.

 

Principle 2

Measurement: Choose the Right Metrics

 

You can’t fix what you don’t measure. And you also can’t fix what you measure badly. Stick to these four mantras for meaningful meeting measurement:

 

MANTRA 1: AVOID MSSLEADING METRICS. Watch out for four misleading metrics: sentiment, self-ratings, cost, and time saved. They’re easy to track. And easy to misinterpret.

 

MATRA 2: USE RETURN ON TIME INVESTED (ROTI). ROTI is your most brutally honest – and most reliable – metric for assessing whether a meeting was effective.

 

MANTRA 3: MEASURE WHAT MATTERS: Use meeting analytics to move past surface metrics and dissect what’s really going on. Start with time in meetings, airtime, multitasking, punctuality, and attendance.

 

MANTRA 4: BEWARE METRICS AS TARGETS. When a metric becomes a target, it stops driving progress. People start gaming the system instead of fixing the meeting.

 

Principle 3

Structure: Become a Meeting Minimalist

 

Apply the Rule of Halves and other minimalist strategies to cut the clutter from your meetings across four key dimensions: agenda, duration, attendees, and frequency.

 

DIMENSION 1: AGENDA. Every agenda item should have a job to do. Give it one by converting it into a verb-noun combination, like: ‘Decide budget,’ ‘Finalize draft messaging,’ or ‘Align on Q2 plan.’

 

DIMENSION 2: LENGTH. Beware Parkinson’s Law: Your meeting will expand to fill the time you give it. So set tight time limits and stick to them. 

 

DIMENSION 3: ATTENDEES. Follow the Rule of Eight: no more than eight attendees. Only invite stakeholders, not spectators.

 

DIMENSION 4: FREQUENCY. Eliminate meetings that happen too often, especially ‘meetings about the meetings.’ Prevent zombie meetings by giving each one an expiry date. Use the Disagree and Commit rule to shut down spin-off meetings – and make sure the real decision makers are in the room. 

 

Principle 4

Flow: Apply Systems Thinking

 

Broken meetings are often the result of broken communication outside of the meeting. Use these three upgrades to improve the flow – before, during, and after the meeting:

 

UPGRADE 1: STANDARDIZE YOUR COMMUNICATION TOOLS: Pick a core communication tech stack and stick to it. Then, standardize what justifies a live meeting with the 4D-CEO Test: meet only to discuss, decide, debate, or develop, and only if the topic is complex, emotionally intense, or involves a one-way door.

 

UPGRADE 2: DEFAULT TO ASYNCHORNOUS COMMUNICATION. Meetings should be your last resort, not your first. Build a system where work moves forward without needing real-time conversations.

 

UPGRADE 3: DESIGN FOR DISTANCE. Don’t just design for the people in the room. Make sure your communication system works for everyone, everywhere.

 

Principle 5

Engagement: Prioritize User-Centric Design

 

Meetings should serve the people in the room – not just the person who scheduled them. Start by squashing these four energy-sucking bugs:

 

ENERGY-SUCKING BUG 1: POWER MOVES. Don’t let volume, title, or ego run your meeting. When one person dominates, everyone else checks out.

 

ENERGY-SUCKING BUG 2: LATENESS. Start on time. End on time. Respect for people starts with respect for the clock.

 

ENERGY-SUCKING BUG 3: JARGON. Jargon doesn’t make you sound smart. It just makes your message harder to understand and easier to ignore. Speak like a smart ninth grader. Ditch the buzzwords and gobbledygook.

 

ENERGY-SUCKING BUG 4: BOREDOM. Beige rooms breed beige ideas. Add plants, color, light, movement, or food. And make sure every meeting has at least one moment of delight.

 

Principle 6

Timing: Get Your Message in Rhythm

 

The best meetings sync with the natural flow of work – not interrupt it. Align your meetings to three key rhythms:

 

RHYTHM 1: STRATEGIC RHYTHM. Sync your strategy meetings with your company’s goal-setting cycles and anchor them to a single source of truth.

 

RHYTHM 2: TACTICAL RHYTHM. Align your tactical meetings with key project milestones: premortem, midpoint check-ins, and postmortems.

 

RHYTHM 3: OPERATIONAL RHYTHM. Match operational meetings like daily huddles to the rhythm of your day-to-day work. Protect deep work with strategic meeting pauses: no-meeting days, blocks, and buffers.

 

Principle 7:

Technology: Innovate and Iterate

 

Treat your meetings like a product in beta that needs constant upgrading and refining. Stick to these rules:

 

RULE 1: GET YOUR MVP RIGHT. Prioritize clear audio and video quality before piling on extra features.

 

RULE 2: EMBRACE CALM TECHNOLOGY. When adding new technology to your meetings, follow two calm principles. First, it should require minimal effort to use. Second, it should amplify the best of both humans and technology.

 

RULE 3: RELENTLESSLY PROTOTYPE WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. Use AI to handle the grunt work, surface real-time insights, and (sometimes) attend meetings for you. But never run a meeting on an AI autopilot.

 

You have the blueprint. Now go design your best meeting ever.”

 

The cartoon was adapted from one of an interview at OpenClipArt.

 

 

Be aware of speakers and audience members with mobility challenges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a useful post by Rich Hopkins at his Speak & Deliver blog on February 27, 2026 titled A Plea to Meeting Planners. He had his left leg amputated below the knee. Rich says to plan inclusively:

 

 “Ask speakers about mobility needs in advance - Ensure ramps are visible, safe, and easy to use - Provide seating options on stage - Reduce unnecessary distances when possible - Think about attendee navigation, not just speaker logistics.”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As shown above, on stage there preferably should be a chair with arms rather than a high stool.

 

Rich made it to the semi-finals (top eighty) of the Toastmasters World Championship of Public Speaking seven times and the finals (top ten) three times, as was discussed in an article by Joe Rubino in the Broomfield Enterprise on August 17, 2011 titled Broomfield man aiming to be the roast of Toastmasters.

 

You can watch an 8-minute YouTube video of his speech titled What We Knew Then at Rich Hopkins 2006 Toastmasters World Championship of Public Speaking Third Place. (At 6 – 1 /2 minutes he sits down in a chair). And you can watch his Top Ten speech from 2008, Unthinkable.

 

Most of us don’t think much about mobility challenges either for speakers or the audience. I only did after I broke my fibula, which I blogged about on November 24, 2016 in a post titled What I’m thankful for today – recovering from a broken fibula.

 

There also is an article by Dane Cobain at speakerHUB on September 26, 2023 titled How to Make Your Public Speaking Events More Accessible.

 

Images of an amputee, a chair and a stool were adapted from Wikimedia Commons.

 

 

The Next Conversation is a thoughtful book by Jefferson Fisher

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a thoughtful 292-page book from 2025 by Jefferson Fisher titled The Next Conversation: Argue less, talk more. He is a writer, speaker, and trial lawyer. At Google Books there is a brief preview of up to page 28.

 

On page 269 there is a summary, The 47-Second Version:

 

“Number one: Never win an argument, or you’ll lose a lot more than you gain. When you regulate your reactions before responding, you keep a clear head and a calm mind.

 

Number two: Confidence isn’t an act, it’s an outcome. Use words and short phrases that assert your needs and protect your values without fear of disappointment. When you embrace your assertive voice, you make a pathway for more positive change in your life.

 

Number three: Don’t worry yourself over how to change an entire relationship. Focus on changing the next conversation. When you frame a conversation as something to learn, rather than something to prove, you take out the difficulty in building connection.”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

He does a good job of illustrating concepts via simple line drawings, like one from page 37 showing what is said versus what is felt, which is shown above by my colorized version.

 

Chapter 7 is titled Assertive Voice. Jefferson describes:  

 

10 Ways to Practice Assertiveness Now

Lesson 1: Every Word matters

Lesson 2: Prove it to yourself

Lesson 3: Express your needs unapologetically

Lesson 4: Speak when it matters

Lesson 5: Say less

Lesson 6: Remove filler words

Lesson 7: Never undersell

Lesson 8: Cut the excess

Lesson 9: When in doubt, fall back on experience

Lesson 10: Say ‘I’m confident’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And on page 159 he compares assertive voice with submissive or aggressive voice, which I have shown above via my colorized version.  

 

Chapter 10 is titled Frames. Beginning on page 215 he describes How to Frame a Conversation:

 

Set a direction

Call your shot

Get their commitment

One frame, one issue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I have illustrated this by my own graphic, shown above.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 11 is titled Defensiveness and begins on page 225. My colorized version of his illustration on page 232 of how Defensiveness Builds a Wall is shown above. On page 238 he discusses How to Stop Yourself from Getting Defensive:

 

Catch yourself

Let their words fall

Get Curious

 

And on page 239 he discusses How to Prevent the Other Person from Getting Defensive:

 

Begin your sentence with ‘I,’ not ‘You’

Don’t begin your question with ‘Why?’

Acknowledge first

 

There is a pair of articles by Angela Haupt in TIME magazine about the book. One on May 14, 2025 is titled 8 Ways to Respond When Someone Interrupts You. Another on May 16, 2025 is titled The Best Way to Interrupt Someone.

 

Jefferson has a bunch of YouTube videos. A recent long one (1hr 35 min) on February 19, 2026 is titled Simple Phrases to INSTANTLY Silence Disrespect | Jefferson Fisher.

 

A 1919 drawing by Taylor F. Walter of men conversing is from the Library of Congress.

 

 

Watch out for different cultural styles!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a good, brief article by Maria Garaitonandia on pages 26 and 27 in the February 2026 issue of Toastmaster magazine titled Untangling cultural knots and subtitled How to turn misunderstandings into bridges between cultures. Also there is a 32-minute Toastmasters Podcast (on YouTube) with Bo Bennett titled #292 Untangling Cultural Knots to Create Mutual Connection – Maria Garaitonandia.

 

Maria talks about two different cultural types that focus on either relationships or tasks. She begins with an example of Mexican executive Pedro and his American colleague Owen in her second and third paragraphs:

 

“When an urgent matter needed Owen’s sign-off, Pedro hurried to his office, only to find him on the phone. Pedro peeked in, but Owen didn’t acknowledge him, so he walked in and interrupted Owen by signaling with his hand.

 

Taken aback, Owen interrupted his conversation and said to Pedro, ‘Can’t you see I’m on the phone?’ Pedro apologized and tried to explain, but Owen interrupted him and said, ‘When I’m finished, I’ll take care of it,’ and promptly turned his back on Pedro.”

 

Then Maria talks about cultures focused either on relationships or tasks. In cultures focused on relationships (like Brazil, Mexico or in the Middle East) trust and loyalty are the priorities. Communication is contextual and layered. Being attentive and available shows respect. In cultures focused on tasks (like Germany Switzerland or the United States) efficiency and results. Communication is direct, concise, and explicit. Following schedules and procedures shows respect. These differences are summarized above via my PowerPoint table based on her discussion. I think a similar table would have been a useful addition to the article, but could have been left out due to squeezing it into just two pages.

 

Of course, if we were doing a speech that table better would be a build with the following four PowerPoint slides – adding the new information in green and graying out the previous information:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brian Jenner raps about what he does as a speechwriter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I was looking at a post by David Murray at his Writing Boots blog on February 4, 2026 titled Apparently, it takes diff’rent strokes to move the world of professional speechwriting. He had embedded a two-minute YouTube rap video by Brian Jenner from February 21, 2018 titled The Speechwriter Rap – Brian Jenner – Speechwriter. Text for the first minute is:

 

“I expect you’re here because 

    you’ve got a speech to make

You need to impress, there’s a lot at stake

You’re wondering – what can a speechwriter do?

That’s my job title; I’ll explain to you

On the phone, because that’s the inexpensive way

You tell me in your own words, what you’d like to say

I’ll then quiz you gently about your ideas

The journalist in me will calm all your fears

When’s the event? What’s the setting?

How many guests? Won’t that joke be upsetting?

With a clear understanding, I’ll be ready to go

Whoah! Did we agree on a fee? Oh dear no

Before that’s sorted, nothing begins

In business, we like it, when everyone wins

As a writer, for years I’ve scribbled and spoken

Check out my books, with your next book token

My skill is: I’ve written dozens of speeches

My, my. There’s a lot that experience teaches”

 

On October 19, 2025 I blogged about when Brian Jenner discusses the state of speechwriting.

 

An image of a man typing on a laptop was cropped from one at Wikimedia Commons.

 

 

What type of funny are you?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a post by Andrew Tarvin at the Humor That Works blog on August 29, 2024 titled What Kind of Funny Are You? He lists the following seven (which I have arranged in alphabetical order):

 

Advocate

Encourages the use of humor to promote a positive environment, inspiring others to find their own funny sides.

 

Curator

Collects and shares humorous content that resonates, building connections through shared laughter.

 

Engineer

Strategically uses humor to solve problems and improve the atmosphere, employing wit as a tool to lighten tense situations or enhance communication.

 

Entertainer

Uses charm and delivery to captivate audiences, ensuring that their performance enhances the humor’s impact.

 

Enthusiast

Finds humor in the simplicity and absurdity of everyday life. They remind us of the joy that can be found in small, everyday moments.

 

Inventor

Crafts original humor from personal experiences, turning everyday observations into comedic gold.

 

Skeptic

Critically evaluates the use of humor, ensuring it is appropriate and effective within the given context.

 

And there also is an 11-minute video on August 27, 2024 titled What kind of funny are you? | Dave & Andrew Tarvin | TEDx Greenhouse Road

 

Eight TEDx talks about charisma

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recently I searched on YouTube and found eight TEDx talks about charisma. You can watch all of them in less than two hours. In chronological order they are:

 

16:03 - March 18, 2015

Let’s face it: charisma matters | John Antonakis |TEDxLausanne

 

17:28 - October 1, 2015

Charisma versus Stage Fright | Deborah Frances-White |

 

12:47 - December 12, 2016

The Dark Side of Charisma | Rebecca Styn |TEDx Erie

 

14:16 - December 2, 2019

Who needs tricks? Charisma has magical powers. | Jon Ensor |TEDxArendal

 

18:04 - September 24, 2021

How Charisma is a superpower we gift to others | ElizabethZechmeister | TEDxNashvilleSalon

 

4:31 - July 11, 2022

I hate people with Charisma | Bishal Bajgain |TEDxKathmanduUniversity

 

14:24 - May 15, 2024

What Orpheus taught me about charisma | Scott Mason |TEDxApex

 

17:33 - May 30, 2024

How charismatic storytelling convinces you to care | SobanAtique | TEDxUofT

 

The image was adapted from Charisma versus Stage Fright.

 

 

Hand gestures by the Four Tops in a video for the 1967 song Reach Out - I’ll Be there

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recently I was watching the three-minute YouTube video for the 1967 Four Tops hit song Reach Out - I’ll Be there, which begins with a ten-second musical gallop.

 

After that, the Tops do a wonderful series of choreographed hand gestures starting with claps and continuing with lots of finger pointing, etc. Although you don’t have a production team like Motown’s famous Holland-Dozier-Holland, you can still use hand gestures to add emphasis to a speech. 

 

There is another YouTube example with their live black and white version of Standing in the Shadows of Love where lead singer Levi Stubbs is sweating profusely.

 

An image of the Four Tops was colorized from this black and white one from Wikimedia Commons.  

 

Brad Meltzer gave the 2024 spring commencement speech at the University of Michigan about making magic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On May 4, 2024 Brad Meltzer gave the 2024 spring commencement speech at the University of Michigan about making magic. There is an article about that speech by Katie Kelton at the University of Michigan Record on May 4, 2024 titled Commencement speaker shapes how magic provides insight to shape lives.

 

You can watch a 20-minute YouTube video of it titled Brad Meltzer’s 2024 Michigan Commencement Address – Make Magic. And it also is published in a 2025 book by Brad Meltzer titled Make Magic: The book of inspiration you didn’t know you needed. On Page 26 he explains that:

 

“Of course, that sounds absurd – real magic doesn’t exist. But when you ask professional magicians, they’ll tell you there are actually only four types of magic tricks. That’s it. Put aside illusions and escapes – there’s just four types of tricks:

 

1]  You make something appear.

 

2]  You make something disappear.

 

3]  You make two things switch places.

 

4]  And finally, you change one thing into something else.”

 

The cartoon wand was adapted from this one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

A YouTube video ranking almost two-dozen common public speaking tips

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Today my Google Alert on public speaking led me to a 25-minute YouTube video from November 7, 2025 by Vinh Giang mistitled Ranking Every Public Speaking & Communication Tip! He ranked each of those 23 from best to worst on a seven-point scale, as I have shown above in a version of the table he developed in the video.

I agree that “Imagine the audience naked” is one of the worst tips. But he ranked “Avoid filler words completely” at the third level from best, while I regard it as some of the worst advice – as is to “Just be yourself.”   

You never could rank EVERY TIP without making a video that ran forever! A thoughtless video title is just as bad as a thoughtless speech title.  

 

There also is another version titled The Best (AND Worst) Public Speaking Advice RANKED. 

Use ugly sketches to give a great presentation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is an interesting 11-minute TEDx talk by Martin J. Eppler recorded on May 18, 2024 at TEDxDonauinsel and posted on December 31, 2024 titled Want to Give a Great Presentation? Use Ugly Sketches | Martin J. Eppler | TED. He said to:

 

Use provisional, unpolished images

Apply fitting visual metaphors [simple and concrete]

Vary your visuals

 

At 7:20 he has a monochrome cartoon image with visual metaphors (and captions at the right). My color PowerPoint version (with captions at the left) is shown above.

 

Martin also has a 32-page e-book from 2022 titled An Introduction to Visual Variation for Better Leading, Learning, and Living.

 

My PowerPoint slide used cartoon images of a bridge and car from OpenClipArt.  

 

What to say when every second counts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Back on December 3, 2023 I blogged about how Talking on Eggshells by Sam Horn is an interesting and useful book. In researching that post I missed that Sam also had a ChangeThis manifesto on September 20, 2023 titled TICK TALK: What to Say When Every Second Counts. You also can download it as a seven-page pdf.

 

Her seven points are to:

 

1] Address time up front.

2] Relieve their anxiety

3] Ask yourself, ‘Why will they resist?’

4] Get their eyebrows up with a pithy one-liner and then riff off it.

5] Ask for advice.

6] Introduce something recent and intriguing.

7] Share what’s rare.  

 

She has an issue of her Tick Talk – The Better Newsletter #43 on July 25, 2024 with a useful infographic. And there also is a two-minute YouTube video titled TickTalk The Clock Starts Ticking the Second We Start Talking.

 

An image of a stopwatch was modified from this one at OpenClipArt.

 

 

For comedian Drew Lynch stuttering is a feature rather than a bug

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I saw an interesting article by Gabriel Hays at Fox News on September 27, 2025 titled ‘Stuttering Comedian’ Drew Lynch says speech impediment turned out to be his biggest ‘gift.’ He has a Wikipedia page. And Drew has a nineteen-minute TEDx talk on November 8, 2022 titled Why curiosity gets you farther than ambition | Drew Lynch |TEDxNashville.

 

Contrast that with his nine-minute 2015 YouTube video titled Drew Lynch -Stuttering Comedian – America’s Got Talent 2015 Audition. There is a seven-minute video on August 8, 2025 titled Heckler Says I’m Lying About My Stutter. And there is an hour-long video on June 27, 2025 titled The Stuttering Comedian | Drew Lynch | Full Comedy Special.

 

The cartoon was adapted from this image at OpenClipArt.  

 

 

A half-dozen brief YouTube videos from TED-Ed teaching essential communication and presentation skills

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a blog post from TED-Ed on August 21, 2025 titled Public Speaking 101 launched to teach essential communication and presentation skills. It says they plan a series with eleven YouTube videos. So far they have released the first six, which you can watch in less than 45 minutes:

 

1]  What happens when you share an idea? [5:29]

 

2]  How to uncover your best ideas [4:00]

 

3]  How to communicate clearly [7:11]

 

4]  What’s the best way to give a presentation? [8:06]

 

5]  How to speak with meaning [10:23]

 

6]  5 ways to connect with people [8:08 ]

 

Here is a transcript of the first one, What happens when you share an idea?:

 

"Great public speaking is like magic. Whether it’s a presentation for school, a talk for your community, or a video message for family and friends, a good talk can electrify and audience and even change the world.

 

It all starts with an idea. Ideas change everything. They bring people together, spark curiosity, and inspire action. The right idea can ripple across the planet at the speed of light.

 

But what is an idea, exactly? Your number one mission as a speaker is to take something that matters deeply to you and rebuild it in the minds of your listeners. That something is an idea. Think of it like a gift you give your audience; something they can walk away with, value, and be changed by.

 

Your idea doesn’t need to be a scientific discovery or a genius invention to be great. You can share instructions for a special skill you have. Or a story from your life and the lessons it taught you. Or a vision you have for the future. Or just a reminder of the things that matter most.

 

An idea is anything that can change how people see the world. If you can conjure up an exciting idea in someone’s mind, you have done something wondrous. A little piece of you has become part of them. In March 2015, a scientist named Sophie Scott gave a TED Talk [titled Why we laugh].

 

‘What I’m going to do now is just play some examples of real human beings laughing. And I want you just to think about the sounds people make and how odd that can be, and in fact how primitive laughter is as a sound. It’s much more like an animal call than it is like speech.

 

So here we’ve got some laughter for you – the first one is pretty joyful.’ Within minutes, Sophie had the entire audience cracking up. She’s one of the leading researchers on laughter. She was showing the audience just how weird a phenomenon laughter is.

 

‘Now, this next guy, I need him to breathe. There’s a point in this when I’m like you’ve got to get some air in there, because he just sounds like he’s berathing out. This hasn’t been edited, this is him.’

 

‘More like an animal call than speech,’ as Sophie put it. Sophie’s talk was a lot of fun to listen to, but she gave her audience something more than just a good time. She changed the way they think about laughter. Sophie’s core idea is that laughter exists as a way human beings form bonds with one another. Her research shows that laughing strengthens relationships.

 

Nobody who listened to Sophie’s talk will ever hear laughter the same way again. A laugh isn’t just a silly sound in reaction to a joke – it’s a biological process through which we can connect with one another. Sophie gave her audience a gift. She gave them an idea that will be part of them forever.

 

In order for an audience to receive the gift of an idea, a speaker has to deliver the idea in a way that the audience can understand. How does a speaker do that? Well, it can be helpful to think of a talk as a journey that a speaker and an audience take together. You, the speaker, are the trusty tour guide. To be a good tour guide, a speaker must start where the audience is, and must be careful not to lose anyone by rushing ahead or constantly changing direction. The goal is to lead the audience to a beautiful new place, step by step.

 

And this is done by using language. Language is a very powerful tool. Let’s prove it. Imagine an elephant with its trunk painted bright red, waving the trunk to and fro in sync with the shuffling steps of a giant orange parrot, dancing on the elephant’s head and shrieking over and over: ‘let’s do the fandango!’ You have just formed in your mind an image of something that has never existed in history, except in the minds of people who have heard that sentence. A single sentence can do that.

 

The fact that we can transfer ideas in this way is why speaking skills are so important. Language builds our world. Our ideas make us who we are. And speakers who have figured out how to spread their ideas into others’ minds have the power to make an incredible impact. Do you have ideas that deserve a wider audience? Focusing on what gift you would like to give your audience, or what journey you might lead them on, are two great ways to start preparing your talk."  

 

The cartoon was adapted from this one at Wikimedia Commons.

 

 

 

Can you spot a fake photograph?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There is a twelve and a half minute TED Talk by Hany Farid that was given in Vancouver on April 10, 2025 and posted at YouTube on July 18, 2025. It is titled How to Spot Fake AI Photos | Hany Farid | TED. He discusses using vanishing points and shadows:

 

“If you image parallel lines in the physical world they will converge to a single point, what’s called the vanishing point.”

 

“Surprisingly shadows have a lot in common with vanishing points. Here what I’ve done is I’ve annotated a point on the shadow with the corresponding part on the bottom of the rail that is casting that shadow, and I’ve extended those lines outward. And they intersect, not at a vanishing point, but at the light that is casting that shadow.”    

 

There also is a ten-page article by Hany Farid at PNAS Nexus on July 29, 2025 titled Mitigating the harms of manipulated media: Confronting deepfakes and digital deception. Reference #35 from that article is a 13-page pdf preprint titled Perspective (In)Consistency of Paint by Text which discusses vanishing points, shadows, and reflections.

 

A multiple-exposure spirit photograph from 1901 by S. W. Fallis with a portrait of John K. Hallowell and super-imposed faces of fifteen deceased people including George Washington and Queen Victoria came from Wikimedia Commons.