Most commonly searched fears in U.S. states and D.C. for 2020.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Halloween is just two weeks away. It is time to talk about the most commonly searched fears for 2020 in U.S. states and the District of Columbia. At Your Local Security on October 12, 2020 there is an article mistitled Your state’s most-searched phobia 2020.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As is shown above in a bar chart, 11 states feared people, 7 feared flying, and 4 each feared failure and the dark. 3 each feared being alone, blood, and holes. Only Nebraska feared public speaking.   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Another bar chart shows the wildly different results from 2019, where 11 states feared holes, and 5 each feared needles, public speaking, and water.

 

Right now my wife and I definitely fear people. This year we going to skip our usual Halloween activity of handing out candy bars to about two dozen trick-or-treaters.  

 

Does your zodiac sign predict how you will be as a public speaker?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Can you learn anything about how you will do as a public speaker based on your birth date? Some look up at the stars instead of paying attention to what is right beneath their feet. Astrology divides the year up into twelve ‘tropical’ zodiac signs as follows:

AQUARIUS (January 20 to February 18)

PISCES (February 19 to March 20)

ARIES (March 21 to April 19)

TAURUS (April 20 to May 20)

GEMINI (May 21 to June 20)

CANCER (June 21 to July 22)

LEO (July 23 to August 22)

VIRGO (August 23 to September 22)

LIBRA (September 23 to October 22)

SCORPIO (October 23 to November 21)

SAGITTARIUS (November 22 to December 21)

CAPRICORN (December 22 to January 19)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I found an article by Christine Schoenwald at YourTango on December 7, 2019 titled 6 zodiac signs who make great public speakers. She said they are Leo, Gemini, Libra, Scorpio, Aquarius, and Aries. As is shown above, when plotted on a circular diagram they alternate – except for Scorpio which should instead be replaced by Sagittarius.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If we were instead to assume that all the zodiac signs for Air and Fire would be good, then we could get an evenly spaced alternating pattern, as shown above.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

But we equally well could just alternate pairs of signs, as is shown above.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Or we could alternate seasons, as is shown above, assuming Spring and Fall would be good since they are more temperate than Summer and Winter.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At Magic Horoscope on July 26, 2020 there is a second article about The 4 best talkers of the zodiac. It picks Gemini (most versatile), Scorpio (most eccentric), Libra (most caring), and  Aquarius (most thoughtful). As shown above, when we go from Gemini to either Libra or Aquarius we skip the next three signs. Scorpio breaks that pattern.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A third article at Culture Astrology titled Which zodiac signs are born to entertain on stage? lists eight of the twelve signs. As shown above, it omits Cancer, Taurus, Pisces, and Capricorn – which are clustered rather than evenly distributed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

When we pick eight of twelve, then we might expect the other four to sit at the compass quadrants, as is shown above in an alternative diagram.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A fourth article by Sanjay Ragavendra at AstroTalk on July 10, 2020 describes the Best to worst speakers according to zodiac signs. Their unevenly distributed rankings are shown above on a diagram. We can add the rankings for four seasons to get sums for Winter: 27, Spring: 16, Summer: 21, Fall: 14.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

How do signs listed in those three articles compare? As shown above in a table, when we add more signs the same others at least continue to appear. But there is no agreement on how many zodiac signs are good. Maybe we should change the spelling from astrology to asstrology.

 

At the McGill Office for Science and Society on October 9, 2020 there is an article by Jonathan Jarry titled How astrology escaped the pull of science. He discusses how it has failed many tests, and his take-away message is that:

 

“Astrology is a pseudoscience due to its lack of progress and refusal to deal with a large body of critical studies.

 Many modern fans of astrology do not see it as a science but as a tool for introspection, in large part because its predictions can give them an illusion of control in a time of stress.

 There are more grounded ways of dealing with uncertainty, like mindfulness practice and engaging in activities that put you ‘in the zone.’ “

 

 

 

  

How not to wear a mask

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The slogan that Coughs and Sneezes Spread Diseases came from the Spanish Flu pandemic back in 1918. Wearing a mask over both the nose and mouth can help protect you and others from the current coronavirus pandemic crisis. But there also are three wrong ways to wear a mask.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wearing a mask over your eyes (like Zorro or the Lone Ranger) does not help at all.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wearing a mask only over your nose makes you look like a silly clown. It does not stop your mouth breathing or coughing.   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wearing a mask only over your mouth doesn’t stop your nose breathing or sneezing. It just  makes you look like one of the silly monkeys in those sculptures of Hear No Evil, See No Evil, Speak No Evil. But when I was shopping at the Boise Costco yesterday I saw a half-dozen people with only their mouths covered.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please wear a mask the right way to protect both yourself and others.

 

Do 77% of Americans fear public speaking? No! That percentage described stage fright in Swedes who also had social anxiety disorder.

 

In some recent articles I was perplexed to find a claim that 77% of American fear public speaking. When I looked on Google I found an article by Lisa Fritscher at VeryWellMind on April 12, 2020 that is titled Glossophobia or the Fear of Public Speaking and subtitled symptoms, complications, and treatments. She says:

 

“Glossophobia, or the fear of public speaking is remarkably common. In fact, some experts estimate that as much as 77% of the population has some level of anxiety regarding public speaking.”

 

Lisa didn’t say who or where ‘the population’ was, but one might assume incorrectly it was Americans. She referenced another article by Alexandre Heeren et al titled Assessing public speaking fear with the short form of the Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker Scale: confirmatory factor analyses among a French-speaking community sample which appeared in Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment for 2013, Vol. 9, pages 609 to 618. The first sentence in its introduction says:

 

“About 77% of the general population fears public speaking.”

 

It refers to still another article by T. Furmark et al titled Social phobia in the general population: prevalence and sociodemographic profile that appeared in Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology for 1999; Vol. 34 No. 8, pages 416 to 424. (I found the full text in an EBSCOhost database at my friendly local public library). But I recognized that article because I had blogged about it back on March 25, 2011 in a post titled Almost 1 in 4 Swedes fears public speaking.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As shown above in a bar chart for the 14 social fears which they surveyed (and listed results in Table 4), they found that 24.0 percent of the Swedish general population feared speaking (or performing) in front of a group of people. Strictly speaking this is stage fright, and was the most common fear, followed by using public lavatories (11.1%), writing in front of others (8.0%), maintaining a conversation with someone unfamilar (7.2%), and being addressed in a group of people (6.1%). Note that this survey reported point prevalence (are you now) rather than the more commonly studied lifetime prevalence (have you ever).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Where was the  ~77 percent? It also is in Table 4, as is shown above in a second bar chart. But that instead describes Swedes with social phobia. 77.1% of them feared speaking (or performing) in front of a group of people. So, the 2013 article by Alexandre Heeren et al. had misquoted a 1999 article! And in 2020 Lisa Fritscher made it vaguer “as much as 77%.” What can we learn from this nonsense? Go back to the source before you quote a statistic. Don’t assume that others actually did their homework.

 

But then Lisa Fritscher’s article got quoted by other articles and spread around the Web. One at Entrepreneur on September 11, 2020 titled Overcome your fear of public speaking with this $40 course claimed:

 

“One study has found that as many as 77 percent of Americans have some level of glossophobia – the fear of public speaking.”

 

A second article by Roger A. Reid at Medium on September 30, 2020 titled 4 steps to tame your nerves when fear of speaking brings you to your knees similarly incorrectly said:

 

“In fact, some experts estimate that as much as 77% of the population has some level of anxiety in facing a crowd— no matter how many presentations they’ve done.”

 

Even worse, a third article by Andrea Chen at Medium on October 5, 2020 titled How you can become less anxious presenting over Zoom said that:

 

“According to an infographic by Orai, 77% of the US population struggles with public speaking.”

 

That infographic, titled 48 Fear of Public Speaking Statistics You Should Know in 2020, is a burgoo of baseless crap, which I will discuss in another post.   

 

By the way, it also is possible to misuse another result from the Furmark et al article to underestimate the fear of public speaking. Peter Khoury made that mistake in an article at Magnetic Speaking titled 7 Unbelievable “Fear of Public Speaking” Statistics. I blogged about it on December 15, 2016 in a post titled Believable and unbelievable statistics about fears and phobias of public speaking. He looked at Table 1 in T. Furmark et al. and saw that for Sweden a total of 15.6% have social phobia. Then he multiplied this by 0.894 to get that 13.5% of Swedes fear public speaking. (That multiplier came from an article on epidemiology of social phobia which had studied people around Florence, Italy). Of course that is ludicrous.

 

Fighting wildfires from the air is dangerous

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

When a wildfire is burning on steep hills, the quickest way to fight it can be for a single engine air tanker (acronym SEAT) to drop retardant. On September 22, 2020 the 30-acre Schill fire was located two miles southeast of Emmett, Idaho. An Air Tractor 802 airplane piloted by Ricky Burton was dispatched from the Bureau of Land Management near Ontario, Oregon. It crashed, and Mr. Burton was fatally injured.

 

An article at IdahoNews2 on September 25, 2020 described how Pilot killed in Emmett remembered for decades of experience (and his love of kittens). A news release from the Bureau of Land Management on September 23, 2020 said:

 

“We offer our sincere condolences to the family, friends, and colleagues of the pilot lost in this tragic accident. This reminds us of the inherent risks involved in wildland firefighting and the gratitude we owe to the courageous and committed men and women who serve willingly to protect lives, property, and natural resources.”

 

An Air Tractor 802F has a wingspan of 59 feet, and a 1,350 hp turboprop engine. It has a cruising speed of 220 mph, but a typical working speed of just 120 mph. It  has an empty weight of 7,200 pounds, a maximum (take-off) weight of 16,000 pounds and a hopper with a capacity of 820 gallons. Plain water weighs 8.34 pounds per gallon, so that would be about 6839 pounds. An article by Bill Gabbert at Fire Aviation on September 25, 2020 titled The SEAT that crashed Sept. 22 in Idaho was first registered two months ago explained that:

 

“The Air Tractor 802A can hold up to 820 gallons of fire retardant weighing approximately 7,380 pounds. If any air tanker pilot is depending on the release of retardant to make it possible to clear terrain while exiting the drop area, a malfunction preventing that release would affect the aircraft’s ability to climb, possibly resulting in impact with terrain.”

 

Another article from News9 on September 24, 2020 titled Oklahoma firefighter dies while battling fires in Idaho further explained: 

 

“The preliminary finding from the FAA is saying that the dump gate malfunctioned and didn’t open to dump the fire retardant, so he wasn’t able to pull up over the ridge,’ family said.”

 

On August 15, 2015 I blogged about Fighting wildland fires: Hotshots, helicopters, and whatever else it takes.

 

The image of a retardant drop came from FEMA via Wikimedia Commons.

 

Tips for creating good Table Topics questions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table Topics is the impromptu speaking section of a Toastmasters club meeting, where members who do not have another meeting role get to speak. As is shown above, a good question for Table Topics is open ended, but not wide open. It should not be closed (able to be answered either yes or no). “What’s the worst street name you ever saw?” is open ended enough to be answered in just a minute or two. But “What is the meaning of life?” is a wide open question.

 

The worst name I saw decades ago was Stinking Creek Road. It is off Interstate 75 at Exit 144, about twenty miles south of Jellico, Tennessee (on the border with Kentucky). Imagine you were a realtor trying to sell a house on that road. You immediately would be asked about just how close it was to that smelly creek. Here in Idaho the Bureau of Land Management has a web page for the Poison Creek Picnic Site. It is on Mud Flat Road (another awful name), and not far from the small city of Grand View (a great name). I blogged about that picnic site in a July 25, 2017 post titled Answering questions about geographical names – the joy of impromptu speaking (Table Topics).

 

The October issue of Toastmaster magazine has an article by Silvana Clark on pages 24 and 25 titled Creative Tips for the Topicsmaster which lists four ideas. After reading it I have some additional ideas based on having written nearly three dozen posts in this blog.

 

Her first excellent idea, if a club is meeting online, is to ask members to take 30 seconds to find something in their house that has a special meaning for them. Then each member displays that item and explains its significance. In person you might instead what item you have in your wallet, purse, or pocket. On May 6, 2010 I blogged about What stories are you carrying in your pocket?

 

Silvana’s second idea is to Google some variation of “Untraditional Holidays” and ask people to describe how they would celebrate something like Big Bird’s Birthday (March 20th). A better way to accomplish this would be to visit or call your friendly local public library and ask the reference librarian to get you their copy of a book called Chase’s Calendar of Events. It lists days, weeks, and months. Every day celebrates several things, as was noted in a Pearls Before Swine cartoon back on August 24, 2016. I blogged about the book in a post on June 9, 2017 titled June is Effective Communications Month, but somehow I didn’t get the message.

 

Her third excellent idea is to make up titles and covers for twelve books and tell participants to pretend they are authors being interviewed on a talk show like Oprah. 

 

Her fourth idea is to look up unusual laws online, and ask participants to discuss why one of them should be enforced. For example, on October 4, 2020 an article at KTVB7 discussed Did you know? Not smiling in Pocatello could have landed you in jail.

 

At the beginning of her article Silvana mentioned procrastinating till the night before a club meeting and just Googling a phrase like “Questions for Table Topics.” That is too narrow for finding excellent questions. They might instead be under other names like Icebreakers or Networking. There is an article by Claire Lew titled The 25 most popular icebreaker questions based on four years of data. There is another article at the Conversation Starters World web site with a list of 200 Icebreaker questions. At the Harvard Business Review there is an article by David Burkus on January 30, 2018 titled 8 Questions to ask someone other than “what do you do?”

 

There is a well-known list of 36 questions about getting to know someone better, which you can find in a Reader’s Digest article. On February 12, 2018 I blogged about them in a post titled Falling in love and Table Topics questions.

 

Most of us could not answer “What is the meaning of life?” in a two-minute Table Topic speech. But Alexander Papaderos managed to do it in about five minutes, beginning with a piece from a broken motorcycle mirror.

 

Has teaching of public speaking all but disappeared? Of course not!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At the Porchlight (Books) blog on August 21, 2020 John Bowe published a ChangeThis manifesto titled Talking About Talking: the art of public speaking in an age of disconnection which can be downloaded as a 16-page pdf file. In it he claimed (my italics):

 

“….The average American today speaks 16,000 to 20,000 words a day. We depend on speech – and persuasion - as much as ever to define and explain ourselves, to give and receive orders, to make our case for love, money, and power. But the teaching of rhetoric – and public speaking – has all but disappeared. Modern education curricula train us from the age of five through our late teens and even mid-twenties to read, write, and master the processing of ideas to paper. But what about interacting live, with actual humans?”

 

That claim about public speaking having almost disappeared from curricula ignores what the Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts (ELA) say about Speaking and Listening. If you download the 66-page pdf you will find the following description of what Grade 11 and 12 students are expected to know (page 50) about Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas:

 

“Present information, findings, and supporting evidence, conveying a clear and distinctive perspective, such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning, alternative or opposing perspectives are addressed, and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and a range of formal and informal tasks.

 

Make strategic use of digital media (e.g. textual, graphical, audio, visual and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

 

Adapt speech to a variety of contexts and tasks, demonstrating a command of formal English when indicated or appropriate.”

 

The South Kingston High School in Wakefield, Rhode Island has a 12-page .pdf about their specific curriculum.

 

How about universities? There is an article in the 2020 Basic Communication Course Annual titled Mastering Essential Learning Outcomes for Public Speaking that opens by stating:

 

“According to the Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U), almost 70% of accredited colleges and universities across the United States have a required general education basic communication course (Hart Research Associates, 2016). The most common version of this course is public speaking, with more than 61% of institutions responding to a basic course survey indicating this is the course structure they use (Morreale et al, 2016). With thousands of basic communication courses being offered in any given semester, it is beneficial to have an established set of communications competencies that guide course development, as well as a variety of measures that can be utilized to assess course effectiveness and learning.”

 

That Morreale et al, 2016 article is titled Study IX of the basic communication course at two- and four-year U.S. colleges and universities: a re-examination of our discipline’s “front porch.”  It appeared in Communication Education, which is a magazine published by the National Communication Association (NCA), founded back in 1914. The previous study in 2010 is described in another article titled The basic communication course at two- and four-year U.S. colleges and universities: Study VIII – the 40th anniversary, which indicates in its abstract that that series of surveys began back in 1968.

 

On August 14, 2020 I had blogged about how Toastmaster magazine is spreading nonsense from John Bowe about how common the fear of public speaking is. In a post on September 24, 2018 titled Teenage students need to learn how to speak up in classes I had mentioned the Common Core standards.